Arterial Heart Bypass Surgery, also known as Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG), is a surgical procedure designed to restore normal blood flow to the heart in patients suffering from severe coronary artery disease (CAD). This life-saving intervention is performed when one or more coronary arteries—the blood vessels that supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle—become narrowed or blocked due to plaque buildup (atherosclerosis).