Heat Stroke or Heat Exhaustion – Know the Symptoms and Help Someone During Emergency
June 1, 2026
This year Kolkata's summers are defined by scorching temperatures coupled with extreme humidity, easily pushing the Real Feel is about 50° C. In these harsh hot and humid conditions, the body struggles to cool itself especially with long exposure to sun’s heat without any protection and enough hydration. Heat exhaustion is the body's urgent response to severe loss of fluids, while heat stroke is a life-threatening medical emergency where the body's temperature regulation process is rapidly failing or completely failed and there is hyperthermia.
Spot the Difference
Understanding the exact symptoms can help to save the life or suffering of the victim
Symptoms
Heat Exhaustion
Heat Stroke
Body Temperature
Usually elevated but below (40° C or 104° F)
Soars to 40° C or 104° F or higher
Sweating
Heavy and Profuse
Skin is hot, red, and completely dry (sweating stops)
Neurological Signs
Mild dizziness, fatigue, nausea, or headaches
Confusion, restlessness, seizures, or unconsciousness
Pulse
Rapid Pulse
Extremely rapid and strong pulse
What to Do in an Emergency
Signs of heat exhaustion:
Move: Bring the person indoors or into a shaded, well-ventilated area.
Hydrate: As soon as possible give them ORS or cold water with sugar and salt, sip cool water or an electrolyte solution (ORS) slowly.
Cool: Wrap them in damp towels, ice packs under the armpits/groin, and a fan to lower their body temperature.
Note: If they do not improve within 30 minutes of resting and cooling down, their condition may be progressing into heat stroke.
If suspect a heat stroke:
Act immediately: Heat stroke can cause permanent organ damage or fatality within minutes if left untreated.
Call for help: Seek emergency medical services.
Cool aggressively: Immediately apply ice packs to the neck, armpits, and groin. Never give an unconscious or confused person liquids to drink.
Beat the Heat in Kolkata
During peak summer heatwaves, follow the official advisories issued by the India Meteorological Département, doctors and healthcare bodies.
Avoid Peak Sun: Limit all outdoor exposure and strenuous physical activity between 12:00 PM and 4:00 PM.
Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water (not chilled) consistently, even if you do not feel thirsty.
Clothing: Wear loose, lightweight, light-coloured cotton clothes to allow your sweat to evaporate.
Stay Informed: Keep an eye on daily weather updates and heat index warnings for Kolkata through various online platforms.
Expert Opinion:-
“Heat exhaustion and heat stroke are common heat-related illnesses during extreme summer temperatures. While heat exhaustion causes symptoms like weakness, dizziness, and heavy sweating, heat stroke is a serious medical emergency that can affect vital organs if not treated immediately. Staying hydrated, avoiding excessive sun exposure, and recognizing early warning signs are crucial for prevention. Early medical attention can help prevent serious complications and protect overall health.” -Dr. Navaneel Chakraborty Associate Consultant General Medicine Desun Hospital, Kolkata
90 5171 5171
If suspect a heat stroke:
