Thoracoscopic Decortification

Thoracoscopic Decortication is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to remove a thickened or infected pleural lining (pleural peel) from the lungs. It is primarily performed to treat empyema (infected pleural fluid collection) and chronic pleural fibrosis, which can restrict lung expansion and cause breathing difficulties.

Procedure Overview:

Thoracoscopy (VATS – Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery): Small incisions are made in the chest, and a camera (thoracoscope) is inserted to visualize the pleural cavity.

Removal of Pleural Peel: The thickened or infected pleural lining is carefully dissected and removed to allow the lung to re-expand. Drainage: Any accumulated pus or fluid is drained, and in some cases, chest tubes are placed for post-operative drainage.

Indications:

• Stage II & III Empyema (lung infection with fibrotic pleural thickening)
• Pleural Fibrosis causing lung entrapment
• Non-resolving Pleural Effusion
• Chronic Hemothorax
• Advantages of Thoracoscopic Decortication:
  – Minimally invasive (small incisions, less pain)
  – Faster recovery compared to open surgery (thoracotomy)
  – Less post-operative complications
  – Improved lung function and expansion
  

Post-Operative Care:

• Pain management
• Chest physiotherapy to improve lung function
• Monitoring for infection or air leaks
• Gradual return to normal activities